S in COVID19 Patients: Antimicrobial Resistance in the Time of SARSCoVIrene Stefanini 1 , Giuseppe

S in COVID19 Patients: Antimicrobial Resistance in the Time of SARSCoVIrene Stefanini 1 , Giuseppe De Renzi 2 , Elisa Foddai two , Elisa Cordani two and Barbara Mognetti 1, Division of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, By way of Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy; [email protected] SCDO Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Microbiology, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy; [email protected] (G.D.R.); [email protected] (E.F.); [email protected] (E.C.) Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: 39Citation: Stefanini, I.; De Renzi, G.; Foddai, E.; Cordani, E.; Mognetti, B. Profile of Bacterial Infections in COVID19 Patients: Antimicrobial Resistance within the Time of SARSCoV2. Biology 2021, ten, 822. https://doi.org/10.3390/ biology10090822 Academic Editors: Chrissoula Voidarou, Athina S. Tzora and Georgios Rozos Received: 22 July 2021 Accepted: 20 August 2021 Published: 24 AugustSimple Summary: Since the beginning of COVID19 pandemic, no particular drugs have already been accessible to treat the SARSCoV2 infection, thus antibiotics have already been frequently employed each for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes. Their wide use, though, is recognized to contribute to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Aiming at evaluating the influence of your COVID19 pandemic on the distribution and qualities of bacterial infections, and on the frequency of antimicrobial resistance, we Stearic acid-d3 Biological Activity investigated the microbial strains identified through laboratory tests on clinical specimens from COVID19 and nonCOVID19 individuals accessing an Italian tertiary hospital over almost one year. We highlighted that COVID individuals bore a substantially greater quantity of bacterial species. Eight out of the 100 species identified had been isolated exclusively from COVID and most of them are recognized to establish infections only in immunocompromised patients. Resistance to every tested antibiotic was noticed in eight.3 in the isolates using a correlation together with the positivity to COVID, but neither all COVID or COVID isolates showed characteristic responses for the tested antibiotics. The predicted improve of antibiotic resistance isn’t observable yet, but the higher frequency of multiresistant COVID isolates suggests that it is actually actually occurring, further calling for the definition of option treatments of COVID19 infections. Abstract: The global onset of serious acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV2) virus infections happened suddenly, therefore imposing a rapid definition of productive therapeutic approaches. Antibiotics have been included among the prophylactic agents due to the fact of both the similarity between SARSCoV2 and atypical pneumonia symptoms, as well as the immunemodulating and antiinflammatory properties of such drugs. Despite the fact that, this approach could exacerbate the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. To evaluate the impact of the COVID19 pandemic on the spread and traits of bacterial infections, too as around the frequency of antimicrobial resistance, we investigated and compared clinical bacterial strains isolated in an Italian hospital from COVID19 individuals and nonCOVID19 sufferers in the course of and ahead of the COVID19 outbreak. Data Cetylpyridinium MedChemExpress clearly indicate the influence from the COVID19 pandemic on bacterial infections: not only some bacterial species were discovered in either COVID19 good or in COVID19 adverse individuals, but isolates from COVID19 sufferers also showed larger levels of antimicrobial resistan.