f Head and Neck Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8577,

f Head and Neck Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan; [email protected] Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-4-7133-Simple Summary: Anti-VEGFR therapy has turn out to be a mainstay of therapy for thyroid cancer across histological subtypes. Nevertheless, the inhibition of this pathway is connected with specific adverse effects, a few of that are life-threatening and may possibly cause the withdrawal of definitive treatment. To reduce this danger, the doctor ought to recognize the characteristics of these adverse effects, which includes their timing and frequency, and adopt acceptable countermeasures. Furthermore, management need to extra broadly encompass the appropriate topic selection for this therapy, also as modification from the therapy schedule and consideration of alternative therapies for those individuals harboring a threat of toxicity. Abstract: Recent advances in the improvement of multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors (MTKIs), which mainly target the HIV-1 Compound vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), have enhanced prognoses and significantly changed the remedy tactic for advanced thyroid cancer. Nevertheless, adverse events associated to this inhibition can interrupt therapy and occasionally bring about discontinuation. Moreover, they’re able to be annoying and potentially jeopardize the subjects’ top quality of life, even allowing that the clinical outcome of patients with sophisticated thyroid cancer remains restricted. In this overview, we summarize the potential mechanisms underlying these adverse events (hypertension, proteinuria and renal impairment, hemorrhage, fistula formation/gastrointestinal perforation, wound healing, cardiovascular toxicities, hematological toxicity, diarrhea, fatigue, and acute cholecystitis), their traits, and actual management. Furthermore, we also talk about the significance of associated aspects, such as option treatment options that target other pathways, the necessity of topic choice for safer administration, and patient education. Keyword phrases: thyroid cancer; vascular endothelial development issue; tyrosine kinase inhibitor; adverse eventAcademic Editor: Vasyl Vasko Received: 17 August 2021 Accepted: 29 October 2021 Published: 4 NovemberCitation: Enokida, T.; Tahara, M. Management of VEGFR-Targeted TKI for Thyroid Cancer. Cancers 2021, 13, 5536. doi.org/10.3390/ cancers1. Introduction Thyroid cancer may be the most prevalent endocrine cancer worldwide. Presently, four multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors (MAP3K8 supplier comprising sorafenib [1,2], Lenvatinib [3,4] vandetanib [5,6], and cabozantinib [7,8]) (MTKIs) are licensed as important therapeutic solutions for the treatment of thyroid cancer, and have enhanced the progression-free survival (PFS) of patients in clinical trials and real-world research. These compounds show activity against several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), some involved inside the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer (i.e., BRAF, RAS, RET) and other folks in the vascular angiogenic pathway (i.e., VEGFR2, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFR)). These latter kinases–the key pro-angiogenic molecules in thyroid cancer–act by advertising the formation of a vast network of blood vessels. Accordingly, damaging the feeding blood vessels, specially vascular endothelium, seems to become essentially the most essential mechanism of action in the MTKIs in thyroid cancer. As these MTKIs are generally utilised as chronic therapies, it’s critical to properly handle and decrease their tox