Ment of requirements for the Ph.D. Degree to V.A.S. from the Irell and Manella Graduate

Ment of requirements for the Ph.D. Degree to V.A.S. from the Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences from the Beckman Study Institute on the City of Hope. We thank Parijat Senapati (Division of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Beckman Analysis Institute) and Erli Zhang (Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Illnesses, Beijing China) for their valuable assistance. We are grateful to Jeffrey S. Isenberg for his assistance using the manuscript. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
agronomyArticleEffect of Substrate Flow Price on Carbendazim Fungal nutrient Uptake and Use Efficiency in Hydroponically Grown Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. cicla `Seiyou Shirokuki’)Bateer Baiyin 1 , Kotaro Tagawa two, , Mina Yamada 2 , Xinyan Wang three , Satoshi Yamada two , Sadahiro Yamamoto 2 and Yasuomi IbarakiUnited Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan; [email protected] Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; [email protected] (M.Y.); [email protected] (S.Y.); [email protected] (S.Y.) Graduate College of Sustainability Science, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan; [email protected] Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan; [email protected] Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-857-31-Citation: Baiyin, B.; Tagawa, K.; Yamada, M.; Wang, X.; Yamada, S.; Yamamoto, S.; Ibaraki, Y. Effect of Substrate Flow Rate on Nutrient Uptake and Use Efficiency in Hydroponically Grown Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. cicla `Seiyou Shirokuki’). Agronomy 2021, 11, 2050. https://doi.org/10.3390/ agronomy11102050 Academic Editors: Georgia Ntatsi and Damianos Neocleous Received: 11 September 2021 Accepted: 9 October 2021 Published: 13 OctoberAbstract: As opposed to in soil culture, a substrate (nutrient solution) in a hydroponics program can flow, and this can have an effect on both nutrient uptake and plant growth. Within this study, we hydroponically cultivated Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. cicla) below unique flow prices to analyze alterations inside the growth, nutrient uptake, and nutrient use efficiency. When the flow price was intensified from 2 to 4 L/min, leaf location, the fresh weight, dry weight, and root length increased. Even so, when the flow price was increased from four to 8 L/min, values of those development parameters decreased. The nutrient uptake had a similar trend relative to the development parameters and nutrient use efficiency of macronutrient elements, increased as the flow rate enhanced. This indicates that the flow price impacts plant development by influencing the nutrient uptake, and an increase within the flow price can help in improving nutrient use efficiency. In hydroponics, regulating the flow price at a affordable volume is encouraged to raise yield by enhancing nutrient use efficiency, but too intensive a flow price might lead to excessive physical Thapsigargin manufacturer stimulation to plants and inhibit their growth. Therefore, it’s important to pick out an suitable substrate flow price for optimal hydroponics production. Keyword phrases: hydroponics; flow rate; nutrient uptake; nutrient utilization efficiency; nutrition management; plant growth; controlled atmosphere agriculture; artificial light cultivation; nutrient solution; dryland agriculturePublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.1. Introduction Drought and soil degrad.